[SOP]linux上docker和与docker-compose只能分开装

为什么在 Linux 上需要分开装？

这主要源于历史和技术实现。在 Windows 和 Mac 上，Docker Desktop 为了方便用户，已经将两者打包在了一起【常见于企业内使用mac的研发出现这种疑惑】

• Docker 和 Docker Compose 可以分开安装，是因为它们本就是两个各司其职的独立工具。
  • **
  • 在 Linux 上，情况不同。Docker 引擎和 Docker Compose 是两个独立的项目。Compose 早期是用 Python 编写的独立程序，后来虽然用 Go 重写并作为 Docker CLI 的一个插件，但它的安装和更新依然可以独立于 Docker 引擎进行。因此，在 Linux 服务器上，你通常需要分两步走：先安装 Docker 引擎，再手动下载并安装 Docker Compose 插件。这样做的好处是，你可以根据项目需求，灵活地选择 Docker Compose 的版本，而不用连带升级整个 Docker 引擎
• docker官网：https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
• 阿里云搭建环境：https://help.aliyun.com/zh/ecs/user-guide/install-and-use-docker?spm=a2c4g.11186623.help-menu-25365.d_0_10_4_7.54406740xcBK9J#86c2feaaf85rn

1、步骤1：【使用root】安装docker

下载解压离线包，拷贝命令到可执行文件夹下

wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-24.0.5.tgz
tar -zxvf docker-24.0.5.tgz
cp docker/* /usr/bin/

编写docker启动文件

cat > /etc/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
# restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

配置/etc/docker/daemon.json

mkdir -p /etc/docker && mkdir -p /home/docker/data
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
参考的json
EOF

启动docker

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl enable docker
systemctl restart docker

验证

# docker info
省略

2、步骤2【使用root】安装docker-compose

curl -SL  https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.32.1/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/bin/docker-compose
chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose

验证【无论root还是普通用户都可以】

# docker-compose version
Docker Compose version v2.32.1

配置命令补全

cat > /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose << 'EOF'
#!/usr/bin/env bash
__docker_compose_completion() {
    local cur prev words cword
    _init_completion || return

    local commands=(
        "build" "config" "cp" "create" "down" "events" "exec" "images" "kill"
        "logs" "pause" "port" "ps" "pull" "push" "restart" "rm" "run"
        "start" "stop" "top" "up" "version" "wait"
    )

    local options=(
        "-f" "--file" "-p" "--project-name" "--verbose" "--log-level"
        "--no-ansi" "--env-file" "--help" "-v" "--version"
    )

    if [[ $cword -eq 1 ]]; then
        COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "${commands[*]}" -- "$cur"))
        return 0
    fi

    case "${words[1]}" in
        up|down|restart|start|stop|kill|rm|exec|logs)
            local services
            services=$(_docker_compose_get_services)
            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$services ${options[*]}" -- "$cur"))
            ;;
        *)
            COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "${options[*]}" -- "$cur"))
            ;;
    esac
}

_docker_compose_get_services() {
    if [[ -f docker-compose.yml || -f docker-compose.yaml ]]; then
        awk '/^[ \t]*[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+:[ \t]*$/{gsub(/:$/,"");print}' docker-compose.yml docker-compose.yaml 2>/dev/null | sort -u
    fi
}

complete -F __docker_compose_completion docker-compose
EOF